Sometimes if a kid seems really bright but doesn't do well on this test, it may indicate some kind of undiagnosed learning disability as well. Lots of kids are 2E, exceptional both in abilities and the ways in which they learn. Problem is that it can be really expensive for parents to get this diagnosed and then to pay people to advocate for their child if he falls into these two categories.
We couldn't understand why our kid's scores were literally all over the place in second grade and it turned out that he was really bright but had high functioning autism/Asperger's.
I used to think these tests meant a lot until I began actually working for a company that develops standardized tests and realized that a reading passage doesn't just test reading, but it tests a lot of other stuff as well. For example, if your kid has autism, he might have understood the story but still be unable to answer the question: How was Suzie feeling after her dog ran away? Companies do a pretty good job of not testing for cultural knowledge, context, etc. (i.e. not giving an Amish kid a question about cellphones) but the emotional stuff and the maturity stuff is trickier.
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