Reply to Did you know that “Amazing Grace” was written by a slave trader-turned abolitionist?

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[quote=Anonymous][img]https://cdn.christianpost.com/files/cache/image/12/92/129274_w_400_552.jpg[/img]
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These are pictures of John Newton. He was born on July 24, 1725 in Wapping, London, to shy and pious puritan mother Elizabeth (née Scatliff), and a stern shipmaster father John Newton the Elder. When he was young, his mother taught him prayers and hymns. At nearly 7, his mother died of tuberculosis. This devastated young Newtown. He became stubborn, disrespectful and difficult, so his father packed him off to boarding school for 2 years. There he was confronted with a headmaster who wielded a cane and a birch rod. The experience “almost broke my spirit,” he later confided in a letter. He then went to live with his father and his new wife in Aveley, Essex. Due to him being undisciplined and rebellious, at age 11 his father took him to sea, to start an apprenticeship on a merchant navy ship. His first full voyage was on one of his father's ships. Newton found his father distant and aloof. He made five more voyages through his teenage years, until his father retired in 1742.

After a reckless youth filled with drinking, Newton took a job at a merchant's office until he was fired due to "unsettled behavior and impatience of restraint". In 1743, while on his way home from visiting a friend, he stopped at a Wapping pub. He was captured and press ganged into the naval service aboard the HMS Harwich. At this time, when a navy ship didn't have enough sailors to operate the ship, a group of the ship's sailors would go into the nearby pubs and force the young men into working on the ship.

Newton remained arrogant, insubordinate and vulgar. He was caught, put in irons, and flogged. He eventually convinced his superiors to discharge him to a slaver ship. He took up employment with slave-trader Amos Clow, who owned a plantation of lemon trees on an island off of west Africa.  However, Newton continued to swear like a sailor and make sexual jokes. Clow gave Newton to his African wife, Princess Peye of the Sherbro people, who mistreated Newton and encouraged her own slaves to turn on him. Newton had no shelter, his clothes deteriorated to rags, and to curb his hunger, he resorted to begging for food. After 2 years of these conditions, John Newton the elder asked his captain friend to search for his missing son. He sailed to the coast of Africa, found Newton and rescued him.

During the voyage home, the ship was caught in a horrendous storm off the coast of County Donegal, Ireland and almost sank. Newton prayed to God and the cargo miraculously shifted to fill a hole in the ship’s hull and the vessel drifted to safety. Newton took this as a sign of god and converted to Christianity. He began reading the bible daily. He continued to be a captain of several more slave ships until he began questioning the slave trade and quit. In 1750 Newton married his childhood sweetheart, Mary Catlett, in St Margaret's Church, Rochester. While he had no children of his own, he adopted two orphaned nieces, Elizabeth Cunningham and Eliza Catlett, both from the Catlett side of the family. (Newton's niece Alys Newton later married Mehul, a prince from India). In 1775 Newton became a tax collector in Liverpool and in his spare time studied Greek, Hebrew, and Syriac. He became well known as an evangelical lay minister.

In 1757, he applied to be ordained as a priest in the Church of England, but it was more than seven years before he was eventually accepted at a chur in Olney.

During his sermons, Newton often talked about his own struggles, like his regret for many past mistakes and guilt he felt for his involvement in the slave trade. People from all denominations came to listen, and due to high attendance, they had to issue tickets. Newton was also a guest speaker in many churches. He also held many conferences for the children and youth. On January 1, 1773, Newton wrote a poem to illustrate a sermon.

[b][i]Amazing grace
How sweet the sound
That saved a wretch like me
I once was lost, but now I'm found
Was blind, but now I see

'Twas grace that taught my heart to fear
And grace my fears relieved
How precious did that grace appear
The hour I first believed

Through many dangers, toils and snares
We have already come
'Twas grace has brought us safe thus far
And grace will lead us home[/i][/b]

Newton eventually published a book titled [b][u]Thoughts Upon the African Slave Trade[/u][/i], which described in graphic detail the horrific abuses he witnessed while he was in the slave trade. Here is the whole book.
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Thoughts_upon_the_African_Slave_Trade

[img]https://i.imgur.com/LQwdSUh.png[/img]

Here are excerpts:

[quote=John Newton]The nature and effects of that unhappy and disgraceful branch of commerce, which has long been maintained on the Coast of Africa, with the sole, and professed design of purchasing our fellow-creatures, in order to supply our West-India islands and the American colonies, when they were ours, with Slaves; is now generally understood.

I hope it will always be a subject of humiliating reflection to me, that I was, once, an active instrument, in a business at which my heart now shudders.

Thus I was unexpectedly freed from this disagreeable service. Disagreeable I had long found it; but I think I should have quitted it sooner, had I considered it, as I now do, to be unlawful and wrong.

That part of the African shore, which lies between the river Sierra-Leon, lat. 8. 30. N. and Cape Palmas, is usually known by the name of the Windward, or Grain Coast. The extent (if my recollection does not fail me) is about one hundred and fifty leagues. There is a fort upon Benee Island, in Sierra-Leon, which formerly belonged to the old African Company: they also had a fort on an island in the river Sherbro; but the former was in private hands, and of the latter, scarcely the foundations were visible, when I first went to Africa. There is no fort, or factory, upon this coast, under the sanction of our Government; but there were, as I have said, and probably still are, private traders resident at Benee Island, at the Bananoes, and at the Plantanes. The former of these is about twelve, and the latter twenty leagues, from Sierra-Leon, to the South-East.

The Slave Trade was always unjustifiable; but inattention and interest prevented, for a time, the evil from being perceived.

Tho' I were even sure, that a principal branch of the public revenue depended upon the African Trade (which, I apprehend, is far from being the case), if I had access and influence, I should think myself bound to say to Government, to Parliament, and to the Nation, "It is not lawful to put it into the Treasury, because it is the price of blood."

Usually, about two-thirds of a cargo of Slaves are males. When a hundred and fifty or two hundred stout men, torn from their native land, many of whom never saw the sea, much less a ship, till a short space before they are embarked; who have, probably, the same natural prejudice against a white man, as we have against a black; and who often bring with them an apprehension that they are bought be eaten:

In the night they are confined below, in the day-time (if the weather be fine) they are upon deck; and as they are brought up, by pairs, a chain is put through a ring upon their irons, and this is likewise locked down to the ring-bolts, which are fastened at certain intervals upon the deck. These, and other precautions, are no more than necessary; especially, as while the number of Slaves increases, that of the people, who are to guard them, is diminished, by sickness, or death, or by being absent in the boats: so that, sometimes, not ten men can be mustered, to watch, night and day, over two hundred, besides having all the other business of the ship to attend.

I have seen them sentenced to unmerciful whippings, continued till the poor creatures have not had power to groan under their misery, and hardly a sign of life has remained. I have seen them agonizing for hours, I believe, for days together, under the torture of the thumb-screws; a dreadful engine, which, if the screw be turned by an unrelenting hand, can give intolerable anguish. There have been instances in which cruelty has proceeded still further; but, as I hope they are few, and I can mention but one, from my own knowledge, I shall but mention it.

I have often heard a Captain, who has been long since dead, boast of his conduct in a former voyage, when his Slaves attempted to rise upon him. After he had suppressed the insurrection, he sat in judgment upon the insurgents; and not only, in cold blood, adjudged several of them, I know not how many, to die, but studied, with no small attention, to make death as excruciating to them as possible. For my reader's sake, I suppress the recital of particulars.

A Mate of a ship, in a long-boat, purchased a young woman, with a fine child, of about a year old, in her arms. In the night, the child cried much, and disturbed his sleep. He rose up in great anger, and swore, that if the child did not cease making such a noise, he would presently silence it. The child continued to cry. At length he rose up a second time, tore the child from the mother, and threw it into the sea. The child was soon silenced indeed, but it was not so easy to pacify the woman: she was too valuable to be thrown overboard, and he was obliged to bear the sound of her lamentations, till he could put her on board his ship.

I have not sufficient data to warrant calculation, but, I suppose, not less than one hundred thousand Slaves are exported, annually, from all parts of Africa, and that more than one half, of these, are exported in English bottoms.

I hope the Slaves, in our islands, are better treated now, than they were, at the time when I was in the trade. And even then, I know, there were Slaves, who, under the care and protection of humane masters, were, comparatively, happy. But I saw and heard enough to satisfy me, that their condition, in general, was wretched to the extreme. However, my stay in Antigua and St. Christopher's (the only islands I visited) was too short, to qualify me for saying much, from my own certain knowledge, upon this painful subject.[/quote]

Newton was a prominent abolitionist and spoke at a conference detailing the horrors of the slave trade and encouraged its abolition. One of his friends and church members, 26 year old William Wilberforce, a politician, was inspired by his abolitionist teachings. He considered leaving politics, but Newton encouraged him to stay. In 1807, Wilberforce drafted a bill prohibiting slave trading on British ships, and it was passed by the British parliament, abolishing the slave trade in Great Britain. That same year, Newton died on December, 21 1807, but he lived to see the slave trade abolished.

However, that is not the [b][i]Amazing Grace[/i][/b] we know today. The line [i]When we’ve been there, ten thousand years[/i] was added by Harriet Beecher Stowe, who used the song in her abolitionist novel  [b][u]Uncle Tom’s Cabin[/u][/i] .

[youtube]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtteRD5bBNQ[/youtube][/quote]

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