It's not difficult to check the DC traffic code, which is here:
http://www.dcregs.dc.gov/Gateway/FinalAdoptionHome.aspx?RuleVersionID=3034274
2103.5 A STEADY YELLOW SIGNAL alone shall have the following meaning:
(a) Vehicular traffic facing a steady yellow signal is thereby warned that a related green signal is being terminated or that a red signal will be exhibited thereafter, or both; and
(b) Vehicular traffic shall stop before entering the nearest crosswalk of the intersection, unless so close to the intersection that a stop cannot safely be made.
also,
2103.7 A STEADY RED SIGNAL alone or the word “STOP” shall have the following meaning:
(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, if none, then before entering the intersection;
(b) Stopped vehicles shall remain standing until green, green arrow, or flashing yellow is shown, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this subsection; and
(c) A vehicle facing a steady red signal may cautiously enter the intersection to turn right after stopping. The vehicle shall yield right-of-way to pedestrians within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection.
and finally:
2103.3 The color GREEN alone or the word “GO” on a traffic control signal shall have the following meaning:
(a) Vehicular traffic facing the GREEN or “GO” signal, except when prohibited under § 2211.4, may proceed straight through or turn right or left unless a sign at such place prohibits a turn in either direction or both directions; and
(b) Vehicular traffic, including vehicles turning right or left, shall yield the right-of-way to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk at the time the GREEN or “GO” signal is exhibited.
Therefore:
1. Stop on yellow, unless you cannot do so safely; then proceed through.
2. If you are in the intersection when the light turns red, but you entered when it was green, you DID NOT break the law. If the light was yellow when you entered, you need to be "so close to the intersection that a stop cannot safely be made"
Note no mention of "rear wheels entering the intersection" or any other such BS. Also note these are DC laws only; MD and VA may vary...I encourage commenters to post the citation to the code (not a driver's handbook...it's the code that gets written on the ticket, if you get it).