My DH is 11 years older than me, and was 42 when our first was born 45 for our second. Kiddos are now 3.5 and not quite 6, with no problems at all. DH had some learning issues as a child (probably undiagnosed very mild ADHD, Inattentive Type) and has a 14yo nephew who also has some learning problems (a visual processing issue and ADHD Combined Type). I knew all of this when we decided to have kids. None of it can be tested for, all of it can be treated, and so we're just keeping a close watch.
Some of the conditions you mentioned that may have a genetic component (Bipolar Disorder, Learning Disabilities) are not things that show up on genetic screenings, unless there is some underlying syndrome.