I follow a reddit forum, puppy 101 and they have lots of ideas on enrichment and tiring dogs out besides walking. A lot already mentioned (kong, puzzles).
Mine is 7 months and my schedule allows one short (25 min), and one longer walk -- 45 minutes a day (it's a 2-mile walk with tons of sniffing), didn't think she was still too young for that.
I have an older dog who plays in the yard with her, it really helps.
All that said, I'd suggest r/puppy101 for more ideas, sounds like wearing out your pup's mind is key. I hear you on being busy - the daycare idea is great even once a week.