Anonymous wrote:Yikes! After reading up on the physical description, I had to examine my DS. He doesn't have developmental delays but he has dyslexia. Some of the physical characteristics are similar to our ethnic blend - as in we're part Latino. He was wide-spaced eyes that are slightly almond shaped (as do I) and he has a slightly flatter nose than Caucasians, which also is within the range of normal for Latinos. That fold above his mouth is there but isn't super deep. His chin seems normal. He has a full upper lip.
I don't really think he has FAS. He doesn't have anything similar to ASD/ADHD. Just plain boring dyslexia. But, those physical characteristics caught my eye. He looks like me, though, and I don't have FAS. My mom didn't drink. I can't recall really drinking when I was pregnant. Maybe 1-2 drinks all together for the full 9 months?
Anonymous wrote:Anonymous wrote:Yikes! After reading up on the physical description, I had to examine my DS. He doesn't have developmental delays but he has dyslexia. Some of the physical characteristics are similar to our ethnic blend - as in we're part Latino. He was wide-spaced eyes that are slightly almond shaped (as do I) and he has a slightly flatter nose than Caucasians, which also is within the range of normal for Latinos. That fold above his mouth is there but isn't super deep. His chin seems normal. He has a full upper lip.
I don't really think he has FAS. He doesn't have anything similar to ASD/ADHD. Just plain boring dyslexia. But, those physical characteristics caught my eye. He looks like me, though, and I don't have FAS. My mom didn't drink. I can't recall really drinking when I was pregnant. Maybe 1-2 drinks all together for the full 9 months?
You are not making any sense.
Anonymous wrote:Yikes! After reading up on the physical description, I had to examine my DS. He doesn't have developmental delays but he has dyslexia. Some of the physical characteristics are similar to our ethnic blend - as in we're part Latino. He was wide-spaced eyes that are slightly almond shaped (as do I) and he has a slightly flatter nose than Caucasians, which also is within the range of normal for Latinos. That fold above his mouth is there but isn't super deep. His chin seems normal. He has a full upper lip.
I don't really think he has FAS. He doesn't have anything similar to ASD/ADHD. Just plain boring dyslexia. But, those physical characteristics caught my eye. He looks like me, though, and I don't have FAS. My mom didn't drink. I can't recall really drinking when I was pregnant. Maybe 1-2 drinks all together for the full 9 months?
Anonymous wrote:
I said I have never seen a child diagnosed with FASD who didn't have physical features AND didn't have a documented history of prenatal alcohol exposure (e.g. mom said she didn't drink, and there isn't something like a documented blood test during pregnancy to call into question her story). Have you seen a child who doesn't meet either of those criteria who has gotten a FASD diagnosis? The chart you linked seems to imply that you do need one of those two things. What lead them to conclude that the issue was FASD?
Anonymous wrote:
But there are ways to document prenatal alcohol exposure even if the "mom comes in [and] swears she didn't drink." See the third picture above.
I don't know what you mean by third picture above, but by "physical evidence" I mean either signs on the child (e.g. small philtrum, wide set eyes) or physical evidence that the mother has abused alcohol (e.g. a blood test taken while she was pregnant). Without either of those, or verbal report, or I guess maybe an eye witness, I have never seen them diagnose FASD.
The pictures referenced are near the bottom of page 7. The first is the flow diagram of diagnosis (abbreviated), the middle one is a very long and blurry list of the various diagnostic criteria, and the last is the accepted means of documenting prenatal alcohol exposure without the relating of it directly by the mother.
There could be a lot of reasons why you might not have seen the full range of diagnostic methods. The people you have watched might have been using outdated criteria, or they might not have specified all of the thought process, or you might not have seen children evaluated who fell outside the criteria you expected but still within guidelines, or there might be political or therapeutic reasons for a given practitioner, or what have you. Nonetheless, these are all accepted ways to make the diagnosis.
It's complicated, and even moreso now that it was 15 years ago.
I am confused. As I read it the charts still say that you need either to see physical features on the child OR something that supports the idea that the mother drank during pregnancy. The chart on page 4, if you follow the pathway that leads from symptoms to no documented exposure, to no dysmorphology, you get "other diagnoses" which implies that kids who hae neither of those things don't get the diagnosis. But then you say that there are kids who have neither of those things but are still within the guidelines. Can you tell me where those kids are on the chart? Or is there another chart?
But there are ways to document prenatal alcohol exposure even if the "mom comes in [and] swears she didn't drink." See the third picture above.
I don't know what you mean by third picture above, but by "physical evidence" I mean either signs on the child (e.g. small philtrum, wide set eyes) or physical evidence that the mother has abused alcohol (e.g. a blood test taken while she was pregnant). Without either of those, or verbal report, or I guess maybe an eye witness, I have never seen them diagnose FASD.
The pictures referenced are near the bottom of page 7. The first is the flow diagram of diagnosis (abbreviated), the middle one is a very long and blurry list of the various diagnostic criteria, and the last is the accepted means of documenting prenatal alcohol exposure without the relating of it directly by the mother.
There could be a lot of reasons why you might not have seen the full range of diagnostic methods. The people you have watched might have been using outdated criteria, or they might not have specified all of the thought process, or you might not have seen children evaluated who fell outside the criteria you expected but still within guidelines, or there might be political or therapeutic reasons for a given practitioner, or what have you. Nonetheless, these are all accepted ways to make the diagnosis.
It's complicated, and even moreso now that it was 15 years ago.
Anonymous wrote:Anonymous wrote:
But there are ways to document prenatal alcohol exposure even if the "mom comes in [and] swears she didn't drink." See the third picture above.
I don't know what you mean by third picture above, but by "physical evidence" I mean either signs on the child (e.g. small philtrum, wide set eyes) or physical evidence that the mother has abused alcohol (e.g. a blood test taken while she was pregnant). Without either of those, or verbal report, or I guess maybe an eye witness, I have never seen them diagnose FASD.
Anonymous wrote:
But there are ways to document prenatal alcohol exposure even if the "mom comes in [and] swears she didn't drink." See the third picture above.
Anonymous wrote:The original is at
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=12&ved=2ahUKEwiypY-V--_jAhX6ITQIHXSnAH8QFjALegQIBRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpediatrics.aappublications.org%2Fcontent%2Fpediatrics%2Fearly%2F2016%2F07%2F25%2Fpeds.2015-4256.full.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2KPPS-l04WfHft2T3TCsxk
(pdf)
Anonymous wrote:(reformatted for clarity; I will ask Jeff to delete the prior verion)
Anonymous wrote:
FASD is an umbrella term that refers to kids with some kind of developmental issue that can be traced back to alcohol. FASD does not have clear diagnostic criteria at this time.
Sort of. The umbrella term of FASD encompasses several diagnoses related to prenatal alcohol exposure, but it is true that it is itself not a diagnosis. However, the diagnoses within that umbrella do have specific diagnostic criteria.
FAS is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, the diagnostic criteria for FAS from the CDC are:
1. Specific physical features
2. Growth retardation of some sort
3. Either brain differences (e.g. on an MRI) or behavioral/developmental/cognitive differences
You can see them here: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/diagnosis.html
It's a simplified version. You can see the details in the blurry middle picture I posted, or at the AAP PDF link.
ARND is a term that is used to describe those people who have FASD without meeting FAS criteria. There are no formal diagnostic criteria for ARND.
There are formal diagnostic criteria for ARND (and ARBD). See the link referenced above.
CDC wrote: The guidelines were developed for FAS only. CDC and its partners are working to put together diagnostic criteria for other FASDs, such as alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND)external icon
However, generally doctors are not going to put that label (and thus the FASD label) on a kid unless there are either physical features or documentation of a history of alcohol abuse. If mom comes in, swears she didn't drink, and there's no physical evidence, then the kid will get a different diagnosis that explains their symptoms.
This is sort of correct. There isn't a diagnosis within the FASD umbrella of diagnoses that can be made without at least either documented prenatal exposure or certain physical findings, or both. Specifically, both ARND and ARBD require documented prenatal alcohol exposure for either of those diagnoses to be made.
But there are ways to document prenatal alcohol exposure even if the "mom comes in [and] swears she didn't drink." See the third picture above.
A individual kid with ARND might not have the physical features, or might have some but not all of the physical features. But their lack of physical features doesn't correlate with their developmental status. A kid can have ARND and significant intellectual disability, while another kid can have FAS with no intellectual disability.
Exactly, with the clarification that the diagnostic criteria for ARND only rely on documented prenatal exposure and specific neurobehavioral impairment, without any mention either way of physical exam findings (that is, they are as relevant to this diagnosis as hair color). Which is not to disagree, but to elaborate.
Anonymous wrote:
FASD is an umbrella term that refers to kids with some kind of developmental issue that can be traced back to alcohol. FASD does not have clear diagnostic criteria at this time.
FAS is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, the diagnostic criteria for FAS from the CDC are:
1. Specific physical features
2. Growth retardation of some sort
3. Either brain differences (e.g. on an MRI) or behavioral/developmental/cognitive differences
You can see them here: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/diagnosis.html
ARND is a term that is used to describe those people who have FASD without meeting FAS criteria. There are no formal diagnostic criteria for ARND.
However, generally doctors are not going to put that label (and thus the FASD label) on a kid unless there are either physical features or documentation of a history of alcohol abuse. If mom comes in, swears she didn't drink, and there's no physical evidence, then the kid will get a different diagnosis that explains their symptoms.
A individual kid with ARND might not have the physical features, or might have some but not all of the physical features. But their lack of physical features doesn't correlate with their developmental status. A kid can have ARND and significant intellectual disability, while another kid can have FAS with no intellectual disability.