My daughter transitioned to public school after a very enjoyable and challenging Kindergarten year at a Montessori school. Academically, she had all the skills she needed to succeed in public school -- she was reading and writing well, and enjoyed schoolwork. Kindergarten is definitely a capstone year in the 3-6 year old classroom at Montessori schools. At our school, the kids worked in their 3-6 classrooms in the morning and Kindergarteners came together from three classrooms to work together in the afternoon. It was beautiful in every respect -- the children's sense of mastery, their opportunity to lead others in the classroom, their joy at working with the other Kindergarteners. They also had LOADS of field trips -- about two a month on average, something the public schools just can't manage.
My child's experience in grades 1-3 in public school were mediocre to awful, and she became so unhappy that I moved her to private school in 4th grade. I attribute some of this to my particular kid -- very bright, but given the choice between socializing and working, she would socialize every single time. That "choice" really isn't offered in most Montessori schools -- kids are redirected -- but in her public school with a large class and a busy, new teacher trying to deal with diverse needs, it was VERY easy for her to socialize. And there was no redirecting -- kids were just told that they were "in the red" in terms of behavior, and privileges were revoked. (She had to sit out recess, for instance.) She also figured out she was able to skate by on minimal effort in public school, and so she did.
I still would have kept her in Montessori for Kindergarten, and in retrospect I probably should have kept her there for first and possibly second grade too. While she was not the classic "GT" kid, she was far enough ahead that she was quickly bored in her 1st grade class. I think everything evens out by around 3rd grade and it's a good time to transition.
I say this not to discourage you from moving to public school AT ALL -- I just want to share my experience that it can be a rough transition for some kids, for reasons that don't make intuitive sense to public school teachers. Today she is a good, disciplined public high school freshman with a mind of her own and a drive to succeed in anything she truly cares about. I attribute much of that to her excellent start in a Montessori program and a great private school that she attended through 8th grade.
My younger child is a 3rd grader in the same Montessori school, and will continue with Montessori for grades 4-6 because it suits her personality. She would transition flawlessly to public school, I believe, but she gets benefits from the Montessori school that I'm pretty sure the public school can't match, including a strong focus on science and nature.