The reason eggs from a farm or in foreign countries, or long ago (when our parents were young) are/were safe without refrigeration is because eggs have a coating called a "bloom" on them when they are laid. It prevents bacteria from getting into the egg and multiplying.
In most countries, this bloom is left intact and it makes the eggs safe without refrigeration. Also, your friends who give you eggs don't wash off the bloom (I'm assuming) so they are safe without refrigeration, too.
However, in the U.S., commercial eggs are washed (to remove dirt and chicken poo) and this removes the bloom. This is why American eggs from the grocery store need to be refrigerated.
I am a person who can tolerate a lot in her eggs -- I eat raw eggs all the time -- so I might be ok with eating those eggs if they are in something where they'll be cooked 100% (like a baked dish or soup) but not where they'd be undercooked (like an over-easy egg).