My kids are now grown, so my info is old and may be outdated, but here are some activities you might consider:
Port Discovery in Baltimore was a fantastic activity “museum” for young kids.
https://www.portdiscovery.org/
Zoos:
The National Zoo is an obvious choice.
The Baltimore Zoo was expensive, but more fun.
Parks:
Watkins Regional Park has the Wizard of Oz playground, along with other attractions.
Wheaton Regional Park has the butterfly pavilion (fee), along with other attractions
Glen Echo has puppet shows and children’s theater:
https://thepuppetco.org/
https://www.adventuretheatre-mtc.org/
There’s probably a library near you that has children’s programming, check your public library’s calendar.