Long story short:
-- 5 groups of schools based on FARMS rate
-- Percentile within the grouping
Longer:
If 15% of 5th graders at "Moderately low FARMS" schools across the county score a 5680 or above on the Fall MAP (not a real RIT score -- completely made up just to illustrate without immediately engendering an argument about what that number was/would be), they look up the national norm percentile for 5680. Wherever that national norm percentile begins (say, at 5673), they set as the locally normed 85th percentile cutoff for students in that group. That was the practice in years past, at least.
MCPS has not publicized the locally normed percentiles for a few years. You don't get to know if your DC hit the litmus until the letters come out, unless your DC hit 99th percentile nationally, as that would ensure that even if more than 15% of students in the group had a higher RIT score, the above algorithm would lower the group threshold to where the 99th percentile begins. You can guess based on prior years' experiences -- plenty of fodder in the many other MAP threads, here -- but the groupings and local norms change (or can change) from year to year.