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[quote=Anonymous][quote=Anonymous][quote=Anonymous][quote=Anonymous]What are the elements that make a crime a hate crime? What do the police and/or prosecutors look for that mark the difference?
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There are plenty of ways to qualify violence, which means there have to be different ways of punishing/preventing it within a society as well. There may be crimes of opportunity (eg a mugging, theft), sexual violence (eg rape, sexual assault), political violence (eg terrorism, collateral damage to civilians during an insurgency, etc), etc etc. AFAIU, a hate crime would be if the variables of the situation pointed to an individual carrying out violence against another individual based solely on a set of 'identifiers' like race, gender, religion, etc. Not a super exact science, but there's definitely a reason why it's categorized differently. [/quote]

What are the elements of a hate crime in terms of criminal law? What's the legal definition in Virginia?
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Okay, found it in US law:

(1)Offenses involving actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin.—Whoever, whether or not acting under color of law, willfully causes bodily injury to any person or, through the use of fire, a firearm, a dangerous weapon, or an explosive or incendiary device, attempts to cause bodily injury to any person, because of the actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin of any person—

https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/249

So, it looks like the race of the person committing the crime doesn't matter.

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